If a job can be done by humanand it cost $1,000.Because you can't really calculatefaster than the machines.Then you let the robot do it.It will just cost roughly around $200.AI will make a lot of jobsdisappear in the future.How much more information kids get nowadaysIt's just completely different nowWe still use the same wayto teach them.And then the more I think about it,the more I feel likewe need to push to change that.I'm Li Jiang.I'm the director of the Stanford AIRE program.You know, the era of AI isin the near future.And I would say it's actuallynow it's started already.I'm passionate trying to figure outwhat is the right wayof teaching the next generationin the era of AI and robotics.We have a lot of people are afraid of AI,so they try to avoid this.They're like, Oh,I want to stay away from that.But the thing is that that'sprobably one of the most powerful toolthat we have ever invented.If you don't use these tools,then you cannot really competewith anyone like other people.I think there's a few thingswe need to change.One is that we need to start a teachAI Thinking as early as possible.AI Thinking will allow themto know the difference between human and AI.And then the human part is reallythe innovation part from 0 to 1.That's where I cannot do a good job.We need to focus on that.There's three important thing about AI ThinkingWith the first thing, you need to have general understanding of how AI worksIn the past, AI is basically mostly based on the rulesor the specific algorithmsthat we write in the computer.The humans set the rulesAnd then now,we developed a different algorithmslike deep learning,reinforcement learning based on data,because we have much more powerful computersthat can handle a way, more data,and then they will develop and trying to find the most optimized solution based on the current data.And then the more data you have,the better solution you usually will getif you do the first one.The second one is that you will gain the ability to differentiatethe human ability versus the machine's ability or AI's ability.I think probably most of the audience don't know.There's a scientific research areacalled structural biology.Scientists in this fieldstudy the structure of a protein.Proteins are so importantfor all the living creatures.The whole world have like 100 to 200 million proteins.This research area, like scientists,a lot of them are focusing on determiningthe structure of these proteins.We humans only find just a very little number of these proteins, like the structures of itless than 1%. However, this AI is called AlphaFold.That's from DeepMind.In the past two years,AlphaFold predict like the structureof almost all the proteins in the world,and they put it in the open database online.So a job, once the machines can do it, then let the machines do it,and then we focus on the human partafter you get the first two.The third one is you will have the ability to work with AIAnd use AI to help youto accomplish other jobs.There is critical part is from 0 to 1,which basically that we invent something that doesn't exist beforeand we probably can do 0 to 1 betterwith AI providing a lot of informationand things like that.So we should prepare our kidsto learn how to innovate,to generate new ideas,to use AI to help us, that kind of stuff.Creativity, It's a..it's somethingthat is really hard to teachor some people think creativity cannot be taughthow to teach people creativity.This thing get changedby the Stanford Design ThinkingWe can use this method to teach youhow to systematically to make innovations.Design Thinking is a methodologythat we use here at Stanford to teachpeople how to make innovations,and we do not make youas innovative or creative as Steve Jobs or Elon MuskHowever, we can use this methodologyto make youmore creative or innovative than yourself.So design thinking has stepsthat you can follow.The first step is empathize.First, you have to understandwho you're inventing for are you inventing for your parentsor you're inventing forchildren who are studying in the school?You have to understandwho are the users.Then you empathize with them,especially their emotion.And then you go to the second step,which is called DefineA lot of people, They didn't havethe right problem to start with.Then you have to definethat problem clearlyand then you go to the third step,which is ideation, which is using brainstormingto generate a lot of ideas,and then you kindand then you kind of get feedbacks from the users.You pick the good ones to prototype.After you do the prototype,which is the fourth step,you do test what the user and then you get feedback.Maybe the feedback is goodor maybe the feedback is bad,but you have to do redesign or reinvent.We have a phrase calledall design is redesign.if you realize, Whoa, I actually didn't define this problem right,then you go back to the step two.So you have to go in this iterationsEventually you will havesome very nice inventions.But when you read books and or you listento some lectures, whatever,after you finish in that you didn't understand it yetyou have to use it several times to really feel it.Let me give you an examplein one of the class at Stanford.So basically this project is abouthow to get good incubators,get more incubators for NepalAt first that actually a lot of peopleare just trying to say,well, just design it in California.But then we say, Well,you have to gain empathy.You need to go to the the real place.If you have never been to Nepal,how can you design for that?They actually fly to Nepaland they went to the mountains.And to their surprise, they actually see a lot of these expensive incubators in these medical centers.They actually are not lackof those machines,but they don't know how to operate them.Problem is defined wrong.They have to redefine the problem.And then they went back to these villagesand talk with those farmers.We do need those things,but not in these medical centers.We need in our home.We need the cheap ones.So then they actually designa very cheap,like kind of functioning as a baby incubatorand had very good success.And that's a good example.The problem was defined wrong at first,and then they go intoThis Design Thinking process and they find a wayto redesign the problemand then they solve their right problem.The most interesting thing about AI& Robotics there is a few of them.I think the first one is ChatGPT,because it's probably a surprisefor a lot of peoplethat AI can talk with peoplein that very natural way.And also it can not only chat with you,it can also write code for you.It seems like he knows a whole lotand it's smarter than a lot of peopleand which surprised peopleSo and also it's goingto change education for sure,because now kids can use chatGPTto write essays and do homework.So then teachers needto think about how to deal with that.Actually, I just gave my studentan assignment yesterday.I asked a student to write an essay.I said, Well, you know what?We just talked about ChatGPT in the class.Now I'm going to give you an assignmentto write an essay with the help of ChatGPT.I'm not really asking you to not use it.I ask you to use it.And then after that classI will have short discussionswith each of youand tell me how you use it.How do you feel it?I think that technology advancement,you cannot trying to ignore itor trying to avoid it, it's happeningand it's just like water.You cannot block it.You have to go with it.For me, I want to understand how ChatGPT is going to impact our education systemand I want to work with our studentsto understand that better.So that's why I gave this homework for my studentsI'm a big fan for Autobots, TransformersI grew up with those cartoons, and I'm a big fan of itEven now I'm still a big fan for Optimus PrimeAnd that really inspired me thatI always wanted to make cool robots when I was a little kidI think most kids,they have a dream when they're young.It's easier to inspire dreamwhen someone's in the early agesafter people grow up,they kind of lose their interest,they lose their dream,they don't know what to do.It's actually critically importantfor these little minds to have dreams.My ultimate goal is to find outwhat is the ideal education system for the future.The education part is really important.It has profound impacton the next generation's future,and that's my ultimate goal.
